Compare Western Sahara (2008) - Swaziland (2004)

Compare Western Sahara (2008) z Swaziland (2004)

	Western Sahara (2008)	Swaziland (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (under de facto control of Morocco)	4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni
Age structure	0-14 years: 45.4% (male 88,176/female 85,421) 15-64 years: 52.3% (male 98,345/female 101,895) 65 years and over: 2.3% (male 3,705/female 5,075) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 41% (male 242,090; female 237,395) 15-64 years: 55.3% (male 323,004; female 324,029) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 18,685; female 24,038) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads); fish	sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep
Airports	9 (2007)	18 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2007)	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 266,000 sq km land: 266,000 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 17,363 sq km land: 17,203 sq km water: 160 sq km
Area - comparative	about the size of Colorado	slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background	Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 UN-brokered cease-fire; a UN-organized referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed. In April 2007, Morocco presented an autonomy plan for the territory to the UN, which the U.S. considers serious and credible. The Polisario also presented a plan to the UN in 2007. Since August 2007, representatives from the Government of Morocco and the Polisario Front have met three times to negotiate the status of Western Sahara, with a fourth round of negotiations planned for March 2008.	Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted in 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy. Swaziland recently surpassed Botswana as the country with the world's highest known rates of HIV/AIDS infection
Birth rate	NA 39.95 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	28.55 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA	revenues: $462.4 million expenditures: $563.4 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (2003)
Capital	none time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital
Climate	hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew	varies from tropical to near temperate
Coastline	1,110 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	-	a constitution was adopted 14 November 2003
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara	conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland conventional short form: Swaziland
Currency	-	lilangeni (SZL)
Death rate	NA	23.06 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$320 million (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	none	chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445 FAX: [268] 404-5959
Diplomatic representation in the US	none	chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6683 FAX: [1] (202) 244-8059
Disputes - international	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, administered by the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO), but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; several states have extended diplomatic relations to the "Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" represented by the Polisario Front in exile in Algeria, while others recognize Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara; most of the approximately 102,000 Sahrawi refugees are sheltered in camps in Tindouf, Algeria	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$104 million (2001)
Economy - overview	Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. Incomes in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level. The Moroccan Government controls all trade and other economic activities in Western Sahara. Morocco and the EU signed a four-year agreement in July 2006 allowing European vessels to fish off the coast of Morocco, including the disputed waters off the coast of Western Sahara. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. However, in 2006 the Polisario awarded similar exploration licenses in the disputed territory, which would come into force if Morocco and the Polisario resolve their dispute over Western Sahara.	In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives about nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends nearly three-quarters of its exports. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2002 because of drought, and more than one-third of the adult population was infected by HIV/AIDS.
Electricity - consumption	79.05 million kWh (2005)	962.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	639 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)
Electricity - production	85 million kWh (2005)	348.3 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed location 463 m	lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m
Environment - current issues	sparse water and lack of arable land	limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements	party to: none of the selected agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	Arab, Berber	African 97%, European 3%
Exchange rates	Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 8.2827 (2007), 8.7722 (2006), 8.865 (2005), 8.868 (2004), 9.5744 (2003)	emalangeni per US dollar - 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000), 6.1095 (1999)
Executive branch	none	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Absolom Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	phosphates 62%	soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit
Exports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)	South Africa 72%, EU 14.2%, Mozambique 3.7%, US 3.5% (1999)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	-	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $5.702 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 40%	agriculture: 16.2% industry: 43.2% services: 40.5% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $4,900 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2.2% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	24 30 N, 13 00 W	26 30 S, 31 30 E
Geography - note	the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas	landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa
Highways	-	total: 3,247 km paved: NA unpaved: NA (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 50.2% (1995)
Imports	1,698 bbl/day (2004)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs	motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)	South Africa 88.8%, EU 5.6%, Japan 0.6%, Singapore 0.4% (1999)
Independence	-	6 September 1968 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	3.7% (FY95/96)
Industries	phosphate mining, handicrafts	mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 68.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 71.64 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	7.3% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	none	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA	690 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	-	High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch
Labor force	12,000	383,200 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 50% industry and services: 50%	NA
Land boundaries	total: 2,046 km border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km	total: 535 km border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km
Land use	arable land: 0.02% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.98% (2005)	arable land: 10.35% permanent crops: 0.7% other: 88.95% (2001)
Languages	Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)
Legal system	-	based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: House of Assembly - last held 18 October 2003 (next to be held NA October 2008) election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 37.54 years male: 39.1 years female: 35.94 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 81.6% male: 82.6% female: 80.8% (2003 est.)
Location	Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco	Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa
Map references	Africa	Africa
Maritime claims	contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue	none (landlocked)
Military branches	-	Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army, including Air Wing)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$29 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.8% (2003)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 289,985 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 168,257 (2004 est.)
National holiday	-	Independence Day, 6 September (1968)
Nationality	noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s) adjective: Sahrawi, Sahrawian, Sahraouian	noun: Swazi(s) adjective: Swazi
Natural hazards	hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility	drought
Natural resources	phosphates, iron ore	asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc
Net migration rate	-	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	political parties are banned by the constitution - the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]; Swaziland National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond SHONGWE, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	382,617 note: estimate is based on projections by age, sex, fertility, mortality, and migration; fertility and mortality are based on data from neighboring countries (July 2007 est.)	1,169,241 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	40% (1995)
Population growth rate	NA	0.55% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)
Railways	-	total: 301 km narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2003)
Religions	Muslim	Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed	18 years of age
Telephone system	general assessment: sparse and limited system domestic: NA international: country code - 212; tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco	general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay international: country code - 268; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	about 2,000 (1999 est.)	46,200 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1999)	88,000 (2003)
Television broadcast stations	NA	5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)
Terrain	mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast	mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains
Total fertility rate	NA	3.81 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	34% (2000 est.)

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